CRMA
Civil Rights Movement Archive
Monthly Newsletter

June 1st, 2026

Editorial
Website Report
Our Sister Sites
Announcements
Top Ten Most Viewed
New CRMA Video & Audio
New Movement Documents
New Letters & Reports
New Stories & Narratives
New Thoughts & Commentaries
In Memory, New Tributes
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), New Answers
New Poems
New Photos, Art, & Posters
Recent Books
Recent Films/Videos

Editorial

Voting Rights and the Callais Decision
Bruce Hartford

Website Report

As of June 1st, our online archive contained 11,983 viewable pages, documents, images, and recordings, 523 videos in our Vimeo video channel, and listings for 697 Freedom Movement veterans.

According to Google, there were 58,364 visits to the CRMA website during May for an average of 1945 per day. This is approximately 9% more than May of last year. Google reports that out on the global internet there are 28,818 backlinks to materials on our site by people, organizations, schools, and colleges using us as a trusted information resource.

Roughly 27% of our visitors in May came from outside the U.S. On average over the course of a year, international visitors used to comprise 15%-20% of our users. But since August of last year, there has been a noticable increase in traffic from Chine, Vietnam, and Singapore. We are proud that our Freedom Movement of the 1960s is still of interest to people around the world and that our site still stands as a free, publicly-available, un-censored international information resource.

Please Donate.
With a Little Help From Our Friends,
We'll keep on keeping on.

Ever since we established the CRMA (originally known as "CRMVet") in 1999, it has been almost entirely funded by personal donations from Freedom Movement veterans and individual supporters. We carry on this work with almost zero institutional support, foundation grants, or philanthropic contributions. So if you find our CRMA site useful and worthy, please click donate to keep us alive and growing. You can donate via check, your bank's Bill Pay service, or PayPal. Thank you for anything you are able to contribute.

Our Sister Sites

SNCC Legacy Project (SLP). SLP preserves and extends SNCC's legacy. Although SNCC the organization no longer exists, we believe that its legacy continues and needs to be brought forward in ways that continue the struggle for freedom, justice and equality today.

Movement History Initiative. A collaborative effort by multiple organizations to build an integrated platform for preserving — and continuing to make freely available to the public — the history, thoughts, stories, strategies, images, videos, and materials of up-from-below peoples' struggles for freedom, justice, and equality. It is being created by veterans of the 1960s Freedom Movement and modern-era, grassroots social- justice activists in Black communities who share their lives-lived experiences from the inside-out to combat distortions, false-narratives and censorship. And to provide momentum for movement building today.

SNCC Digital Gateway (SDG). A joint project of SLP and Duke University, SDG tells the story of how young activists in SNCC united with local people in the South to build a grassroots movement for change that empowered the Black community and transformed the nation.

Black Power Chronicles. The SNCC Legacy Project created the Black Power Chronicles (BPC) in 2015 to help fill the informational void that exists in our historical record about the impact of the Black Power Movement in local communities throughout America.

SCOPE 50. Preserving Civil Rights and the Story of Voting. Website of SCLC/SCOPE project activists.

Veterans of the Mississippi Civil Rights Movement. Empowering the next generation, passing it on to carry it on by preserving the history of the Mississippi Movement.

Teaching for Change and Zinn Education Project. Provides teachers and parents with the tools to create schools where students learn to read, write, and change the world by promoting and supporting the teaching of people's history in middle and high school classrooms across the country.

Announcements

From Protest to Power Podcasts . SNCC Legacy Project (SLP). The central theme of these visual podcasts is the ongoing effort of the Black community to achieve the power to define its existence in America.

Now Available: Civil Rights Warrior: A Life on the Front Lines of Justice, Equality, and the American Dream, by Evelyn (Evie) Jones Rich. Skyhorse. 2026. Autobiography of CORE activist and leader.

Movement Art: If you are aware of any works of art related to the Freedom Movement such as paintings, drawings, murals, statues, and so on, please take a look at our Civil Rights Movement Art page to see if we already have an image of it in our collection. If it isn't included in our collection please email us an image we can post, or a weblink, or some other information that we can use. Thanks.

Movement Materials: Please continue to email to us documents, letters, reports, stories, and other Southern Freedom Movement materials from the period 1950-1970. See Submissions details.

Top Ten Most Viewed

According to Google, here are the top-ten, most-visited sections and individual pages in May.
(Note that Google does not count how often PDF files are accessed. Since most of our documents are in PDF format, the "Top Ten" lists are not all that accurate.)

Sections, Landing & Reference Pages

Freedom Rides and Freedom Riders Resources

Freedom Movement Photo Album

Poems of the Civil Rights Movement

Documents: Selma Alabama and the March to Montgomery 1963-1965

C.R. Movement History 1950-1970

MLK Speeched & Writings,

Roll Call of Freedom Movement Veterans

Our Stories & Interviews

Civil Rights Movement Major Topic Resources

Our Words, Articles & Speeches

Individual Pages & Documents

Photo Album: The Children's Crusade: Birmingham (1963)

The Other America, Dr. Martin Luther King. (1967)

Photo Album: The Sit-Ins—Off Campus and Into Movement (1960)

C.R. Movement History: 1961 (Freedom Rides, MS voter registration, Albany GA)

C.R. Movement History: 1960 (student sit-ins)

Photo Album: The Freedom Rides (1961)

Documents From the Montgomery Bus Boycott

Bigger Than a Hamburger, Ella Baker. Address: SNCC founding conference (1960)

Photo Album: We're Going to March in St. Augustine (1963-1964)

Photo Album: Freedom Movement Posters

Photo Album: Keep Your Eyes on the Prize (1940s-1950s)

Top Ten Sections & Pages That Others on the Internet Link To

The Plantation and the Oasis (Tougaloo College). Joan Traumpauer. 1961

CRMA Home Page

The Other America, Dr. Martin Luther King. (1967)

Are You "Qualified" to Vote?—Literacy Tests & Voter Applications

Public Opinion Polls on Civil Rights Movement activities, 1961-1969

Manual For Southern Medical Projects MCHR. June 1964

Martin Luther King and the Montgomery Story Comic Book. (FOR)

C.R. Movement History: 1961 (Freedom Rides, MS voter registration, Albany GA)

C.R. Movement History: 1963 Jan-June (Birmingham, Greenwod, Danville)

C.R. Movement History: 1963 July-Dec (Mass Protests, March on Washington JFK assassination)

New CRMA Video & Audio

Our CRMA Video Channel on the Vimeo hosting service provides videos created by Freedom Movement veterans (or their immediate families) and videos created by others that are substantially about Movement veterans. When you visit the channel, please consider adding yourself as a "follower" for social-media metrics. Thanks.

New videos posted in April:

Deenie Drew, ACHMR? Dynamite Hill & Martin Luther King. 1995. 63 min.

Dr. Elizabeth Hayes Fitts, SCLC. Voter registration, Selma, & the March to Montgomery. 1995. 55 min.

Ruth Barefield-Pendleton, SCLC & Urban League. Working in the main offices. 1995. 55 min.

Sheyann Webb-Christburg, Selma student activist. From Bloody Sunday to Desegregating Public Schools, 1998. 67 min.

Jimmy Rogers, SNCC, Lowndes County, murders of Jonathan Daniels and Sammy Younge. SFSU. 2011. 70 min.

Rev. C.T Vivian, SCLC. Leadership, Selma, Dr. King, religious aspects of the movement. 2013. 54 min.

Rev. Jerry Green, NAACP & ACMHR. Outlawing of NAACP, Birmingham, Selma Bloody Sunday, guarding activists. 1995. 29 min.

New Movement Documents

1951 Voices for Freedom #2, CRC. Pamphlet on McCarthyism attacks against civil rights. Black resistance. October 1951. 40 pages

1964 Dear Norma, information letter. Sue Butler, June 15

1964 Letter to Donna Garde, UFT declining to make donation to freedom schools. Binney & Smith. June 19.

1964 Dear Norma, freedom school donation letter. Charles Cogen, UFT. June 19 [$320.32 in 1964 is equivilent to $3400 in 2026]

1964 Dear Norma, letter to Norma Becker. Information and update. Margaret & Lois (Chaffee?). COFO. June 19

1964 Some Things to Talk About In Freedom Schools. Unsigned COFO. Undated (probably May or June, 1964).

1964 Special Notice, Staughton Lynd, COFO. Appeal for more freedom school teachers from the North. Juy 24, 1964.

1964 Resource Materials for Discussions on the Poor in America. Unsigned COFO. 11 pages.

1964 Pratt Freedom Press, Pratt Church freedom school. Jackson MS. 8/21/64. 4 pages.

1964 The Convention Challenge, report to supporters by the MFDP. Undated (probably Sept. 1964). 5 pages.

1964 Reasons for the Rejection of the Compromise at Atlantic City, position paper for discussion at MFDP district meetings. 9/20/64

1965 Instructions and form for civil rights complaint to U.S. Attorney General. Unsigned CORE. Undated (probably 1964 or 1965) 2 pages.

1965 Community Survey Report form, Unsigned Louisiana CORE. Undated (probably 1964 or 1965).

1965 January Workshop; Other Matters, memo, info, agenda. Richard Haley, CORE Southern Regional Office (New Orleans) . 1/23/65. 4 pages.

1965 Summer Project Direction, Louisiana. Unsigned CORE. Undated (probably May 1965). 7 pages.

1965 CORE Summer Project Orientation Education Program Workshop. Louisiana. Unsigned CORE. June 1965. 2 pages.

1965 Louisiana Staff Conference notes (handwritten), Waveland MS. Unsigned CORE. June 3-4, 1965. 4 pages.

1965 Report to Richard Haley on recruitment for Louisiana summer project. Geraldine Maddocks CORE. June 4, 1965

1965 Note to Muriel Tillinghast requesting that male members of Georgia project be allowed to attend October ExCom meeting. Roy Shields, SNCC. Undated (probably 1965, '66, or '67)

1965 Memo re Executive Committee Meeting, Cleve Sellers, SNCC. 10/8/65

1965 Thank you note to Highlander Center for use of facilities. Muriel Tillinghast, SNCC. 11/9/65.

1965 Letter to Clifton Whitley regarding his candidacy for U.S. Senator in 1966. Lea Dilworth, MFDP. 10/3/65. 2 pages

1965? Commission on Religion and Race (CRR). National Council of Churches. Eric D. Blanchard, NCC. Undated (possibly 1965) 16 pages.

WATS & Phone Reports (Log of daily phone-in reports)

SNCC. May 15, 1964. Doug Smith, Larry Rubin, Doug Mac Cotton, Lafayette Surney arrested and harrased by poice in Belzoni MA.

SNCC July 5-6, 1964. John Perdw, Americus & Atlanta GA mob violence and gunfire, Selma AL, Moss Point MS.

COFO July 7, 1964. Hattiesburg, Laurel, Lester McKinnie jail situation, and McComb bombing.

Documents from the Northern Wing of the Movement

4/8/48 NAACP Report on racist radio broadcast by Secty. of Treasury Snyder, with action recommendations. Clifford Moore, Trenton NJ. NAACP. To LDF. 2 pages.

6/1/48 NAACP NJ Report and correspondence on Black woman being held in peonage in Trenton NJ. Clifford Moore, NAACP. 9 documents.

New Letters & Reports From the Field

7/28/62 Dewey Greene, RCNL Letter Amzie Moore re Mississippi Free Press copies. July 28 1962. MS

8/13/62 Aaron Henry, RNCL Note to Amzie Moore, re funds for Lindsey for Congress campaign. MS.

9/21/62 Jim Dombrowski, SCEF Letter to supporters about cancellaction of Amzie Moore's fire insurance, MS

9/29/62 Philip Tyus Letter to Amzie Moore from Negro insurance agency re his fire insurance, MS

12/21/62 Maurice McCrackin, OFC Note to Amzie Moore, re $50 donation for Christmas gifts for struggling families. MS.

12/26/62 Jack McKart Memo to Amzie Moore, re Operation Freedom meeting in Cincinatti, OH

7/13/64 Fatima (Cathy) Cortez Press release & letter home, from CORE summer project in Louisiana (first page missing)

11/19/64 Fatima (Cathy) Cortez Dear Mommy, letter home from a CORE project in northen Louisiana.

8/26/64 Jennie L. Pingrey What Lies Ahead for the Southern Negro and How Can We Help? Observations based on work with SCOPE. Atlanta & Perry Co AL.

10/7/64 Unsigned COFO Holly Springs Progress Report, MS

12/16/64 Gloria Xifaras, COFO Union County Workshop Meetings on Congressional Challenge, Mississippi

1/28/65 Unsigned, COFO Testing and Arrest At Holly Springs (testing compliance with Civil Rights Act of 1964), MS

1965 Diane Dear Gloria letter to Letter to Gloria Xiafra about Holly Springs project. Mississippi. Undated (probably 1965 or 1966)

New Stories & Narratives

Beulah Clark Dollar Oral history, by Cliford Kuhn, GSU. Georgia NAACP activist. Telfair Co. Georgia. Voting rights, teaching, integration. 1989. 45 pages

W.W. Law Oral history, by Cliford Kuhn, GSU. Georgia NAACP activist. Savannah movement. 1990. 144 pages.

Jimmy Rogers SFSU Political Science Class presentation & discussion, 2011

Rev. C.T. Vivian Oral History Interview, Birmingham Civil Rights Institute. 2013

New Thoughts & Commentaries

Statement on Supreme Court Louisiana v. Callais Decision, SNCC Legacy Project (SLP)

Voting Rights and the Callais Decision, Bruce Hartford

In Memory, New Tributes

Bob "Luke" Block

Nina Boal

Brenda Travis

Frequently Asked Questions, New Answers:

No new answers added this month.

New Poems

No new poems added this month.

New Photos, Art, & Posters

Freedom Is a Constant Struggle

Selma, Lord, Selma

Pins of the Civil Rights Movement

Web Links and Bibliography updated, revised, & expanded.

Archive of Previous Monthly Newsletters

Recent Books by or About Movement Veterans:

Civil Rights Warrior: A Life on the Front Lines of Justice, Equality, and the American Dream, by Evelyn (Evie) Jones Rich. Skyhorse. 2026. Autobiography of CORE activist and leader.

Police Against the Movement: The Sabotage of the Civil Rights Struggle and the Activists Who Fought Back. Clark Davis. 2025. Princeton University Press. An examination of the civil rights struggle through its work against police violence, malpractice, and illegal surveillance such as the FBI's massive CONINTEL disruption and political-repression program. Describes CORE, SNCC, and other organization's direct action resistance to police abuses.

Spell Freedom: The Underground Schools That Built the Civil Rights Movement. Atria/One Signal Publishers (Simon & Schuster) March 2025. The little known story of how four activists in the 1950s created and built a semi-clandestine network of Citizenship Schools across the Jim Crow South. A network that formed a foundation for the Freedom Movement's voting rights battles of the 1960s. Septima Clark, Esau Jenkins, Bernice Robinson, and Myles Horton of the Highlander Center.

Mississippi's Black Cotton. By MacArthur Cotton and John Obee, foreword by Nikole Hannah-Jones. University of Georgia Press. May 1, 2025. A personal history of the 1960's Mississippi Civil Rights Movement by SNCC Field Secretary MacArthur Cotton, who lived it.

If Anybody Should Ask You ... This Is What Happened: A Memoir, by Gwendolyn J. Dennis-Mack. 2024. The personal story of an African American high school girl who joined the movement of young people to desegregate American classrooms in Deep South Georgia.

As always comments, suggestions, corrections, and submissions from Freedom Movement activists are welcome. Veterans of the Southern Freedom Movement who are listed on the website's Roll Call are encouraged to contribute to the website their stories, thoughts, documents, and memories & tributes of those who have passed on by emailing them in to us.

If you're not already a subscriber to the monthly email version of this newsletter, send us your email address and let us know you'd like to be added to the list. To unsubscribe (heaven forfend!) do the same.

— Bruce Hartford
webspinner@crmvet.org

	SNCC Legacy Project (SLP). SLP preserves and extends SNCC's legacy. Although SNCC the organization no longer exists, we believe that its legacy continues and needs to be brought forward in ways that continue the struggle for freedom, justice and equality today.
	Movement History Initiative. A collaborative effort by multiple organizations to build an integrated platform for preserving — and continuing to make freely available to the public — the history, thoughts, stories, strategies, images, videos, and materials of up-from-below peoples' struggles for freedom, justice, and equality. It is being created by veterans of the 1960s Freedom Movement and modern-era, grassroots social- justice activists in Black communities who share their lives-lived experiences from the inside-out to combat distortions, false-narratives and censorship. And to provide momentum for movement building today.
	SNCC Digital Gateway (SDG). A joint project of SLP and Duke University, SDG tells the story of how young activists in SNCC united with local people in the South to build a grassroots movement for change that empowered the Black community and transformed the nation.
	Black Power Chronicles. The SNCC Legacy Project created the Black Power Chronicles (BPC) in 2015 to help fill the informational void that exists in our historical record about the impact of the Black Power Movement in local communities throughout America.
	SCOPE 50. Preserving Civil Rights and the Story of Voting. Website of SCLC/SCOPE project activists.
	Veterans of the Mississippi Civil Rights Movement. Empowering the next generation, passing it on to carry it on by preserving the history of the Mississippi Movement.
	Teaching for Change and Zinn Education Project. Provides teachers and parents with the tools to create schools where students learn to read, write, and change the world by promoting and supporting the teaching of people's history in middle and high school classrooms across the country.

1951	Voices for Freedom #2, CRC. Pamphlet on McCarthyism attacks against civil rights. Black resistance. October 1951. 40 pages
1964	Dear Norma, information letter. Sue Butler, June 15
1964	Letter to Donna Garde, UFT declining to make donation to freedom schools. Binney & Smith. June 19.
1964	Dear Norma, freedom school donation letter. Charles Cogen, UFT. June 19 [$320.32 in 1964 is equivilent to $3400 in 2026]
1964	Dear Norma, letter to Norma Becker. Information and update. Margaret & Lois (Chaffee?). COFO. June 19
1964	Some Things to Talk About In Freedom Schools. Unsigned COFO. Undated (probably May or June, 1964).
1964	Special Notice, Staughton Lynd, COFO. Appeal for more freedom school teachers from the North. Juy 24, 1964.
1964	Resource Materials for Discussions on the Poor in America. Unsigned COFO. 11 pages.
1964	Pratt Freedom Press, Pratt Church freedom school. Jackson MS. 8/21/64. 4 pages.
1964	The Convention Challenge, report to supporters by the MFDP. Undated (probably Sept. 1964). 5 pages.
1964	Reasons for the Rejection of the Compromise at Atlantic City, position paper for discussion at MFDP district meetings. 9/20/64
1965	Instructions and form for civil rights complaint to U.S. Attorney General. Unsigned CORE. Undated (probably 1964 or 1965) 2 pages.
1965	Community Survey Report form, Unsigned Louisiana CORE. Undated (probably 1964 or 1965).
1965	January Workshop; Other Matters, memo, info, agenda. Richard Haley, CORE Southern Regional Office (New Orleans) . 1/23/65. 4 pages.
1965	Summer Project Direction, Louisiana. Unsigned CORE. Undated (probably May 1965). 7 pages.
1965	CORE Summer Project Orientation Education Program Workshop. Louisiana. Unsigned CORE. June 1965. 2 pages.
1965	Louisiana Staff Conference notes (handwritten), Waveland MS. Unsigned CORE. June 3-4, 1965. 4 pages.
1965	Report to Richard Haley on recruitment for Louisiana summer project. Geraldine Maddocks CORE. June 4, 1965
1965	Note to Muriel Tillinghast requesting that male members of Georgia project be allowed to attend October ExCom meeting. Roy Shields, SNCC. Undated (probably 1965, '66, or '67)
1965	Memo re Executive Committee Meeting, Cleve Sellers, SNCC. 10/8/65
1965	Thank you note to Highlander Center for use of facilities. Muriel Tillinghast, SNCC. 11/9/65.
1965	Letter to Clifton Whitley regarding his candidacy for U.S. Senator in 1966. Lea Dilworth, MFDP. 10/3/65. 2 pages
1965?	Commission on Religion and Race (CRR). National Council of Churches. Eric D. Blanchard, NCC. Undated (possibly 1965) 16 pages.

4/8/48	NAACP	Report on racist radio broadcast by Secty. of Treasury Snyder, with action recommendations. Clifford Moore, Trenton NJ. NAACP. To LDF. 2 pages.
6/1/48	NAACP NJ	Report and correspondence on Black woman being held in peonage in Trenton NJ. Clifford Moore, NAACP. 9 documents.

7/28/62	Dewey Greene, RCNL	Letter Amzie Moore re Mississippi Free Press copies. July 28 1962. MS
8/13/62	Aaron Henry, RNCL	Note to Amzie Moore, re funds for Lindsey for Congress campaign. MS.
9/21/62	Jim Dombrowski, SCEF	Letter to supporters about cancellaction of Amzie Moore's fire insurance, MS
9/29/62	Philip Tyus	Letter to Amzie Moore from Negro insurance agency re his fire insurance, MS
12/21/62	Maurice McCrackin, OFC	Note to Amzie Moore, re $50 donation for Christmas gifts for struggling families. MS.
12/26/62	Jack McKart	Memo to Amzie Moore, re Operation Freedom meeting in Cincinatti, OH
7/13/64	Fatima (Cathy) Cortez	Press release & letter home, from CORE summer project in Louisiana (first page missing)
11/19/64	Fatima (Cathy) Cortez	Dear Mommy, letter home from a CORE project in northen Louisiana.
8/26/64	Jennie L. Pingrey	What Lies Ahead for the Southern Negro and How Can We Help? Observations based on work with SCOPE. Atlanta & Perry Co AL.
10/7/64	Unsigned COFO	Holly Springs Progress Report, MS
12/16/64	Gloria Xifaras, COFO	Union County Workshop Meetings on Congressional Challenge, Mississippi
1/28/65	Unsigned, COFO	Testing and Arrest At Holly Springs (testing compliance with Civil Rights Act of 1964), MS
1965	Diane	Dear Gloria letter to Letter to Gloria Xiafra about Holly Springs project. Mississippi. Undated (probably 1965 or 1966)

Beulah Clark Dollar	Oral history, by Cliford Kuhn, GSU. Georgia NAACP activist. Telfair Co. Georgia. Voting rights, teaching, integration. 1989. 45 pages
W.W. Law	Oral history, by Cliford Kuhn, GSU. Georgia NAACP activist. Savannah movement. 1990. 144 pages.
Jimmy Rogers	SFSU Political Science Class presentation & discussion, 2011
Rev. C.T. Vivian	Oral History Interview, Birmingham Civil Rights Institute. 2013

CRMA Civil Rights Movement Archive Monthly Newsletter

June 1st, 2026

Table of Contents

Editorial

Voting Rights and the Callais Decision Bruce Hartford